--- title: The English East India Company was founded in 1600 and the Dutch Eas… — The spice trade and the Indian Ocean · tree and pragmatics description: The English East India Company was founded in 1600 and the Dutch East India Company in 1602 to trade with Asia; merchants shared the cost of costly, risky voyages in them, and both became armed powers, the English one later ruling much of India. Who acts: merchants, both, English one. A sentence of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The spice trade and the Indian Ocean](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/) / 16 # The spice trade and the Indian Ocean, sentence 16 The English East India Company was founded in 1600 and the Dutch East India Company in 1602 to trade with Asia; merchants shared the cost of costly, risky voyages in them, and both became armed powers, the English one later ruling much of India. **Who acts:** merchants, both, English one · **What happens:** found, trade, share, become, rule, cost · **To what, where:** English East India Company, 1600, cost, armed powers, much, costly risky voyages This is a sentence of the lesson «The spice trade and the Indian Ocean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (merchants, both, English one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:029-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean.lesson:16 # text = The English East India Company was founded in 1600 and the Dutch East India Company in 1602 to trade with Asia; merchants shared the cost of costly, risky voyages in them, and both became armed powers, the English one later ruling much of India. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 029-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:det 2 English English PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 3 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 4 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 Company Company PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 founded found VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 1600 1600 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 obl _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 12 Dutch dutch ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 13 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:compound 14 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 Company Company PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 1602 1602 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nmod _ _ 18 to to PART TO _ 19 mark _ _ 19 trade trade VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 advcl _ _ 20 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 Asia Asia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 23 merchants merchant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj _ _ 24 shared share VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 cost cost NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 28 costly costly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 30 risky risky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 voyages voyage NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 32 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 37 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 37 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 38 armed armed ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 powers power NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:obj 40 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 42 English English ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj _ _ 44 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 45 advmod _ _ 45 ruling rule VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 advcl _ _ 46 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 obj _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 nmod _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **found** | past · passive | | the English East India Company | | 1600 and the Dutch India Company in 1602 | | | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **trade** | to-infinitive | | | | | | with Asia | vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with asia=Co-Agent | | 3 | **share** | past | merchants | the cost of costly risky voyages in voyages | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **become** | past | both | armed powers | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **rule** | gerund | the English one | much of India | | | | late *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Theme | | 6 | **cost** | | | costly risky voyages in voyages | | | | | nom cost «possession transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:029-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The spice trade and the Indian Ocean, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/15/) - next →: [The spice trade and the Indian Ocean, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/29-the-spice-trade-and-the-indian-ocean/)