--- title: It is impossible to flatten the surface of a sphere onto paper witho… — Projections: why Greenland looks huge · tree and pragmatics description: It is impossible to flatten the surface of a sphere onto paper without stretching, squashing or tearing it, so every flat map distorts something. Who acts: flat map. A sentence of the lesson «Projections: why Greenland looks huge» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Projections: why Greenland looks huge](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/) / 5 # Projections: why Greenland looks huge, sentence 5 It is impossible to flatten the surface of a sphere onto paper without stretching, squashing or tearing it, so every flat map distorts something. **Who acts:** flat map · **What happens:** be, flatten, stretch, squash, tear, distort · **To what, where:** surface, paper, map, something This is a sentence of the lesson «Projections: why Greenland looks huge» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flat map), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:003-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge.lesson:5 # text = It is impossible to flatten the surface of a sphere onto paper without stretching, squashing or tearing it, so every flat map distorts something. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 003-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 impossible impossible ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 flatten flatten VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:xcomp 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 surface surface NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 sphere sphere NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 onto onto ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 13 without without SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 14 stretching stretch VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 16 squashing squash VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ _ 17 or or CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 tearing tear VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=16:conj 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 so so ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 22 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 24 det _ _ 23 flat flat ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 map map NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 distorts distort VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 26 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 25 obj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | impossible *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **flatten** | to-infinitive | | the surface of a sphere | | paper | | | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent surface=Patient | | 3 | **stretch** | gerund | | | | | | | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 4 | **squash** | gerund | | | | | | | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **tear** | gerund | | map | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location it=Theme | | 6 | **distort** | present | every flat map | something | | | | | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent something=Material | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:003-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Projections: why Greenland looks huge, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/4/) - next →: [Projections: why Greenland looks huge, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/3-projections-why-greenland-looks-huge/)