--- title: Ships carried cloth, guns and metal to West Africa, carried enslaved… — The Atlantic routes and the slave trade · tree and pragmatics description: Ships carried cloth, guns and metal to West Africa, carried enslaved Africans across the ocean to the Americas, and brought back sugar, tobacco and cotton grown by enslaved people. Who acts: Ships. A sentence of the lesson «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's p --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/) / 3 # The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, sentence 3 Ships carried cloth, guns and metal to West Africa, carried enslaved Africans across the ocean to the Americas, and brought back sugar, tobacco and cotton grown by enslaved people. **Who acts:** Ships · **What happens:** carry, enslave, bring back, grow · **To what, where:** cloth, West Africa, enslaved Africans, Americas, ocean, sugar This is a sentence of the lesson «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson:3 # text = Ships carried cloth, guns and metal to West Africa, carried enslaved Africans across the ocean to the Americas, and brought back sugar, tobacco and cotton grown by enslaved people. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Ships ship NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 cloth cloth NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 guns gun NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 metal metal NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=5:conj 8 to to ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 West West PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 carried carry VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis 13 enslaved enslave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 amod _ _ 14 Africans African PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 across across ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 Americas Americas PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis 24 back back ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 tobacco tobacco NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 cotton cotton NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 conj _ _ 30 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 acl _ _ 31 by by ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 enslaved enslave VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 33 amod _ _ 33 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obl:agent _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **carry** | past | Ships | cloth and guns and metal | West Africa | | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent cloth=Theme to africa=Destination | | 2 | **carry** | past | Ships *not said here* | enslaved Africans | the Americas | the ocean | | | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent african=Theme to americas=Destination | | 3 | **enslave** | participle | | | | | | | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **bring back** | past | Ships *not said here* | sugar and tobacco and cotton | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent sugar=Theme | | 5 | **grow** | participle | | cotton *not said here* | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **enslave** | participle | | | | | | | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/2/) - next →: [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/)