--- title: Sailing ships crossed the Atlantic in a loop, going out with the tra… — The Atlantic routes and the slave trade · tree and pragmatics description: Sailing ships crossed the Atlantic in a loop, going out with the trade winds in the south and coming back with the westerlies in the north. Who acts: Sailing ships. A sentence of the lesson «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/) / 9 # The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, sentence 9 Sailing ships crossed the Atlantic in a loop, going out with the trade winds in the south and coming back with the westerlies in the north. **Who acts:** Sailing ships · **What happens:** sail, cross, go out, come back · **To what, where:** Atlantic This is a sentence of the lesson «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sailing ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson:9 # text = Sailing ships crossed the Atlantic in a loop, going out with the trade winds in the south and coming back with the westerlies in the north. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Sailing sail VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 amod _ _ 2 ships ship NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 crossed cross VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Atlantic Atlantic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 loop loop NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 10 going go VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 11 out out ADP RP _ 10 compound:prt _ _ 12 with with ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 trade trade NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 compound _ _ 15 winds wind NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 coming come VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 conj _ _ 21 back back ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 westerlies westerly NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obl _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sail** | gerund | | | | | | | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cross** | past | Sailing ships | the Atlantic | | | | in a loop | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent atlantic=Patient in loop=Topic | | 3 | **go out** | gerund | Sailing ships *not said here* | | | | | with the trade winds in the south | vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with wind=Co-Agent | | 4 | **come back** | gerund | Sailing ships *not said here* | | | | | with the westerlies in the north | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:030-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/8/) - next →: [The Atlantic routes and the slave trade, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/30-the-atlantic-routes-and-the-slave-trade/)