--- title: The Ottomans began as a small state in north-west Anatolia, in today… — Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean · tree and pragmatics description: The Ottomans began as a small state in north-west Anatolia, in today's Turkey, around 1300 and grew into an empire across south-eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. Who acts: Ottomans. A sentence of the lesson «Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean» of the geography course of Mova' --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/32-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterra…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/32-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean/) / 9 # Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean, sentence 9 The Ottomans began as a small state in north-west Anatolia, in today's Turkey, around 1300 and grew into an empire across south-eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. **Who acts:** Ottomans · **What happens:** begin, grow · **To what, where:** Turkey, empire This is a sentence of the lesson «Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ottomans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:032-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean.lesson:9 # text = The Ottomans began as a small state in north-west Anatolia, in today's Turkey, around 1300 and grew into an empire across south-eastern Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 032-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Ottomans Ottoman PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 3 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 state state NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 9 north north ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 10 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct _ _ 11 west west ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 Anatolia Anatolia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod:poss _ _ 16 's 's PART POS _ 15 case _ _ 17 Turkey Turkey PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 around around ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 1300 1300 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 23 into into ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 empire empire NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 across across ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 27 south south ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 27 punct _ _ 29 eastern eastern ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:obl 31 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 33 Middle Middle PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 East East PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 Africa Africa PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 conj _ Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=34:conj 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | the Ottomans | | | today's Turkey | | as a small state in west Anatolia; around 1300 | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **grow** | past | the Ottomans *not said here* | | | | | into a empire across eastern Europe and the Middle East and North Africa *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into empire=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:032-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterra…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/32-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean/8/) - next →: [Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterra…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/32-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/32-venice-the-ottomans-and-the-mediterranean/)