---
title: Spain took the Philippines from 1565, and Manila galleons crossed th… — Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires · tree and pragmatics
description: Spain took the Philippines from 1565, and Manila galleons crossed the Pacific between Acapulco and Manila until 1815, carrying American silver one way and Chinese silk and porcelain the other. Who acts: Spain, Manila galleons. A sentence of the lesson «Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires» of
---

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# Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires, sentence 17

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Spain took the Philippines from 1565, and Manila galleons crossed the Pacific between Acapulco and Manila until 1815, carrying American silver one way and Chinese silk and porcelain the other.

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**Who acts:** Spain, Manila galleons · **What happens:** take, cross, carry · **To what, where:** Philippines, 1565, Pacific, American silver

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Castile, Portugal and the first sea empires» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spain, Manila galleons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:033-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires.lesson:17
# text = Spain took the Philippines from 1565, and Manila galleons crossed the Pacific between Acapulco and Manila until 1815, carrying American silver one way and Chinese silk and porcelain the other.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 033-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Philippines	Philippines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Ptan	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	1565	1565	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	Manila	Manila	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	galleons	galleon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	crossed	cross	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Acapulco	Acapulco	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Manila	Manila	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	until	until	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	1815	1815	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	advcl	_	_
22	American	American	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	porcelain	porcelain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:conj
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	other	other	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Spain | the Philippines |  | 1565 |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent philippines=Theme from 1565=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **cross** | past | Manila galleons | the Pacific |  |  | until 1815 | between Acapulco and Manila | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pacific=Patient |
| 3 | **carry** | gerund | Manila galleons *not said here* | American silver |  |  |  | one way and Chinese silk and porcelain *obl:unmarked*; the other *obl:unmarked* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silver=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:033-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires.lesson:17`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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