--- title: Big countries were not born big: in 1337 Moscow was a small principa… — Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers… · tree and pragmatics description: Big countries were not born big: in 1337 Moscow was a small principality paying tribute to the Golden Horde, England still held Gascony in France, and the French king ruled directly only part of what is France today. Who acts: small principality, England, French king. A sentence of the lesson «Musco --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Muscovy, England and France: how the b…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/) / 0 # Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew, sentence 0 Big countries were not born big: in 1337 Moscow was a small principality paying tribute to the Golden Horde, England still held Gascony in France, and the French king ruled directly only part of what is France today. **Who acts:** small principality, England, French king · **What happens:** not bear, be, pay, hold, rule · **To what, where:** Big countries, small principality, 1337 Moscow, tribute, Gascony, France This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small principality, England, French king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson:0 # text = Big countries were not born big: in 1337 Moscow was a small principality paying tribute to the Golden Horde, England still held Gascony in France, and the French king ruled directly only part of what is France today. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 xcomp _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 1337 1337 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 10 nummod _ _ 10 Moscow moscow NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 11 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 12 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 principality principality NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 15 paying pay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 acl _ _ 16 tribute tribute NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 to to ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 Golden golden ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 Horde horde NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 22 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 23 still still ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 held hold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 25 Gascony Gascony PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 obj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=24:obj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 France France PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:nmod 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 ruled rule VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 34 directly directly ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=36:advmod 35 only only ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 36 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:obl 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 36 nmod _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 cop _ _ 40 France France PROPN NNP Number=Sing 41 compound _ _ 41 today today NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obl:unmarked _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **bear** | past · passive | | Big countries | | | | big *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **is a** | past | | a small principality | | 1337 Moscow | | | tree rules | | 3 | **pay** | gerund | a small principality *not said here* | tribute | | | | to the Golden Horde | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribute=Asset | | 4 | **hold** | past | England | Gascony | | France | still | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gascony=Theme in france=Location | | 5 | **rule** | past | the French king | part | | | | directly *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme | | 6 | **is a** | present | | France | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Castile, Portugal and the first sea em…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/33-castile-portugal-and-the-first-sea-empires/17/) - next →: [Muscovy, England and France: how the b…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/)