--- title: They grew like a snowball rolling downhill, picking up land by war,… — Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers… · tree and pragmatics description: They grew like a snowball rolling downhill, picking up land by war, by marriage, by inheritance and by deals, and sometimes losing it again, as England lost almost all its French lands by 1453. Who acts: countries, England. A sentence of the lesson «Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers gr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Muscovy, England and France: how the b…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/) / 1 # Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew, sentence 1 They grew like a snowball rolling downhill, picking up land by war, by marriage, by inheritance and by deals, and sometimes losing it again, as England lost almost all its French lands by 1453. **Who acts:** countries, England · **What happens:** grow, pick up, lose · **To what, where:** snowball, land, French lands This is a sentence of the lesson «Muscovy, England and France: how the big powers grew» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countries, England), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson:1 # text = They grew like a snowball rolling downhill, picking up land by war, by marriage, by inheritance and by deals, and sometimes losing it again, as England lost almost all its French lands by 1453. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 like like ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 snowball snowball NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:compound 6 rolling rolling NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 7 downhill downhill ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 picking pick VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 10 up up ADP RP _ 9 compound:prt _ _ 11 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 by by ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 by by ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 marriage marriage NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 by by ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 inheritance inheritance NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 by by ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 deals deal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 26 advmod _ _ 26 losing lose VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:parataxis 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 again again ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 as as SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 31 England England PROPN NNP Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 32 lost lose VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 advcl _ _ 33 almost almost ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 37 det:predet _ _ 35 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 36 French French ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 lands land NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 38 by by ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 1453 1453 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 32 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | past | countries *= country* | snowball | | | | like a rolling; downhill *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **pick up** | gerund | countries *= country* *not said here* | land | | | | by war; by marriage; by inheritance and deals | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Topic | | 3 | **lose** | gerund | countries *= country* *not said here* | land | | | again | sometimes *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | | 4 | **lose** | past | England | land's French lands | | | | by 1453 | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:034-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Muscovy, England and France: how the b…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/0/) - next →: [Muscovy, England and France: how the b…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/34-muscovy-england-and-france-how-the-big-powers-grew/)