--- title: India won independence from Britain in 1947 after decades of peacefu… — How empires fell: the map of the 20th century · tree and pragmatics description: India won independence from Britain in 1947 after decades of peaceful campaigning led by figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, whose Salt March of 1930 protested against a British tax on salt. Who acts: India, Salt March. A sentence of the lesson «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geog --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/) / 12 # How empires fell: the map of the 20th century, sentence 12 India won independence from Britain in 1947 after decades of peaceful campaigning led by figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, whose Salt March of 1930 protested against a British tax on salt. **Who acts:** India, Salt March · **What happens:** win, lead, protest · **To what, where:** independence, Britain, peaceful campaigning This is a sentence of the lesson «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (India, Salt March), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson:12 # text = India won independence from Britain in 1947 after decades of peaceful campaigning led by figures such as Mahatma Gandhi, whose Salt March of 1930 protested against a British tax on salt. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 India India PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 won win VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 independence independence NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 1947 1947 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 8 after after ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 decades decade NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 peaceful peaceful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 campaigning campaigning NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 led lead VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ _ 14 by by ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 figures figure NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl _ _ 16 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 18 case _ _ 17 as as ADP IN _ 16 fixed _ _ 18 Mahatma Mahatma PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 19 Gandhi Gandhi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 flat _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 23 nmod:poss _ _ 22 Salt Salt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 March March PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 1930 1930 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nmod _ _ 26 protested protest VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 27 against against ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 British British ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 tax tax NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **win** | past | India | independence | | Britain | decade | in 1947 | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent independence=Theme from britain=Source | | 2 | **lead** | participle | | peaceful campaigning *not said here* | | | | by figures such Mahatma | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by figure=Destination | | 3 | **protest** *speech: disagree* | past | Salt March of 1930 | | | | | against a British tax on salt | vn rebel-71.2-2 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent against tax=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/10/) - next →: [How empires fell: the map of the 20th…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/13/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/37-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century/)