---
title: In 1960 alone, 17 African countries became independent, and it is ca… — How empires fell: the map of the 20th century · tree and pragmatics
description: In 1960 alone, 17 African countries became independent, and it is called the Year of Africa. Who acts: 17 African countries. A sentence of the lesson «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every 
---

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# How empires fell: the map of the 20th century, sentence 14

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In 1960 alone, 17 African countries became independent, and it is called the Year of Africa.

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**Who acts:** 17 African countries · **What happens:** become, call · **To what, where:** 1960, colony · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «How empires fell: the map of the 20th century» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (17 African countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson:14
# text = In 1960 alone, 17 African countries became independent, and it is called the Year of Africa.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1960	1960	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
3	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	17	17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	independent	independent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Year	Year	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | 17 African countries |  |  |  |  | in 1960 *result*; independent *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in 1960=Result |
| 2 | **call** | present · passive |  | colony |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:037-how-empires-fell-the-map-of-the-20th-century.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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