--- title: NATO is a military alliance of 32 countries in Europe and North Amer… — Today's world: the UN, the EU and the Commonwealth · tree and pragmatics description: NATO is a military alliance of 32 countries in Europe and North America whose members promise to defend each other if attacked; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024. Who acts: NATO, members, Finland. A sentence of the lesson «Today's world: the UN, the EU and the Commonwealth» of the geography --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/38-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Today's world: the UN, the EU and the…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/38-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth/) / 14 # Today's world: the UN, the EU and the Commonwealth, sentence 14 NATO is a military alliance of 32 countries in Europe and North America whose members promise to defend each other if attacked; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024. **Who acts:** NATO, members, Finland · **What happens:** be, promise, defend, attack, join · **To what, where:** military alliance, each This is a sentence of the lesson «Today's world: the UN, the EU and the Commonwealth» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (NATO, members, Finland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:038-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth.lesson:14 # text = NATO is a military alliance of 32 countries in Europe and North America whose members promise to defend each other if attacked; Finland joined in 2023 and Sweden in 2024. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 038-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 NATO NATO PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 military military ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 alliance alliance NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 32 32 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Europe Europe PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 America America PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 14 whose whose PRON WP$ Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 members member NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 promise promise VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 defend defend VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ _ 19 each each DET DT ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp 18 obj _ _ 20 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 fixed _ _ 21 if if SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 22 attacked attack VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 18 advcl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 24 Finland Finland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 2023 2023 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 obl _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 Sweden Sweden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 conj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 2024 2024 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 obl _ _ 32 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | NATO | a military alliance | | | | of 32 countries in Europe and North America | tree rules | | 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | members | | | | | | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **defend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | members *not said here* | each | | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Beneficiary | | 4 | **attack** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle | members *not said here* | | | | | | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **join** | past | Finland and Sweden | | | | | in 2024; in 2023 | vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in 2023=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:038-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Today's world: the UN, the EU and the…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/38-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth/13/) - next →: [Today's world: the UN, the EU and the…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/38-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/38-todays-world-the-un-the-eu-and-the-commonwealth/)