--- title: Moving continents changed climates: Antarctica once had forests, and… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics description: Moving continents changed climates: Antarctica once had forests, and coal is found under Britain, which lay near the equator about 300 million years ago. Who acts: Moving continents, Antarctica, Britain. A sentence of the lesson «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Moving continents: from Pangaea to today](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/) / 16 # Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, sentence 16 Moving continents changed climates: Antarctica once had forests, and coal is found under Britain, which lay near the equator about 300 million years ago. **Who acts:** Moving continents, Antarctica, Britain · **What happens:** move, change, have, find, lie · **To what, where:** climates, forests, coal, Britain, equator This is a sentence of the lesson «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moving continents, Antarctica, Britain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson:16 # text = Moving continents changed climates: Antarctica once had forests, and coal is found under Britain, which lay near the equator about 300 million years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Moving move VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 amod _ _ 2 continents continent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 climates climate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ 6 Antarctica Antarctica PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 8 advmod _ _ 8 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 9 forests forest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 coal coal NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 conj _ _ 15 under under ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:acl:relcl|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 near near ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 equator equator NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 23 about about ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=24:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 24 300 300 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 25 compound _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:nummod 25 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:obl:unmarked 27 ago ago ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:advmod 28 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **move** | gerund | | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **change** | past | Moving continents | climates | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent climate=Patient | | 3 | **have** | past | Antarctica | forests | | | | once *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent forest=Patient | | 4 | **find** | present · passive | | coal | | Britain | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 5 | **lie** | past | Britain | | | the equator | | ago *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent near equator=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/15/) - next →: [Earthquakes, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/44-earthquakes/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/)