--- title: Pangaea began to break up about 200 million years ago, first into La… — Moving continents: from Pangaea to today · tree and pragmatics description: Pangaea began to break up about 200 million years ago, first into Laurasia in the north and Gondwana in the south. Who acts: Pangaea. A sentence of the lesson «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Moving continents: from Pangaea to today](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/) / 8 # Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, sentence 8 Pangaea began to break up about 200 million years ago, first into Laurasia in the north and Gondwana in the south. **Who acts:** Pangaea · **What happens:** begin, break up This is a sentence of the lesson «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pangaea), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson:8 # text = Pangaea began to break up about 200 million years ago, first into Laurasia in the north and Gondwana in the south. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3 1 Pangaea Pangaea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 to to PART TO _ 4 mark _ _ 4 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 5 up up ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 about about ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 7 200 200 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 compound _ _ 8 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 9 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl:unmarked 10 ago ago ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:advmod 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 first first ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 4 advmod _ _ 13 into into ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Laurasia Laurasia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 15 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 north north NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 Gondwana Gondwana PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 conj _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 south south NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | Pangaea | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **break up** | to-infinitive | Pangaea *not said here* | | | | | ago, first *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:043-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/7/) - next →: [Moving continents: from Pangaea to today, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/43-moving-continents-from-pangaea-to-today/)