---
title: In 2011 a magnitude 9 earthquake sent a tsunami into Japan that kill… — Tsunamis · tree and pragmatics
description: In 2011 a magnitude 9 earthquake sent a tsunami into Japan that killed about 18,000 people and damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant. Who acts: magnitude earthquake, tsunami. A sentence of the lesson «Tsunamis» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatic
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/45-tsunamis/11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Tsunamis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/45-tsunamis/) / 11

# Tsunamis, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In 2011 a magnitude 9 earthquake sent a tsunami into Japan that killed about 18,000 people and damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** magnitude earthquake, tsunami · **What happens:** send, kill, damage · **To what, where:** tsunami, 2011, 18,000 people, Fukushima nuclear plant

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Tsunamis» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (magnitude earthquake, tsunami), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:045-tsunamis.lesson:11
# text = In 2011 a magnitude 9 earthquake sent a tsunami into Japan that killed about 18,000 people and damaged the Fukushima nuclear plant.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 045-tsunamis.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	2011	2011	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	obl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	magnitude	magnitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
5	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	flat	_	_
6	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tsunami	tsunami	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:acl:relcl
14	about	about	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	18,000	18,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	damaged	damage	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:conj
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	Fukushima	Fukushima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
21	nuclear	nuclear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | a magnitude earthquake | a tsunami |  | 2011 |  | into Japan | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tsunami=Theme in 2011=Destination |
| 2 | **kill** | past | a tsunami | 18,000 people |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme |
| 3 | **damage** | past | a tsunami *not said here* | the Fukushima nuclear plant |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:045-tsunamis.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Tsunamis, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/45-tsunamis/10/)
- next →: [Tsunamis, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/45-tsunamis/12/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/45-tsunamis/)