---
title: Most volcanic activity happens unseen on the ocean floor, along the… — Volcanoes: how and where · tree and pragmatics
description: Most volcanic activity happens unseen on the ocean floor, along the mid-ocean ridges where new crust is made. Who acts: Most volcanic activity. A sentence of the lesson «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Volcanoes: how and where, sentence 4

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Most volcanic activity happens unseen on the ocean floor, along the mid-ocean ridges where new crust is made.

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**Who acts:** Most volcanic activity · **What happens:** happen, make · **To what, where:** ocean floor, new crust

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most volcanic activity), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson:4
# text = Most volcanic activity happens unseen on the ocean floor, along the mid-ocean ridges where new crust is made.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
2	volcanic	volcanic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	happens	happen	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	unseen	unseen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
9	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	mid-ocean	mid-ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	ridges	ridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
15	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	advmod	_	_
16	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	crust	crust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present | Most volcanic activity |  |  | the ocean floor |  | along the mid-ocean ridges; unseen *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on floor=Location |
| 2 | **make** | present · passive |  | new crust |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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