---
title: As the plate slides over a hotspot, a chain of volcanoes forms, and… — Volcanoes: how and where · tree and pragmatics
description: As the plate slides over a hotspot, a chain of volcanoes forms, and the Hawaiian islands get older the further they are from the hotspot. Who acts: plate, chain, Hawaiian islands, plates. A sentence of the lesson «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its de
---

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# Volcanoes: how and where, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As the plate slides over a hotspot, a chain of volcanoes forms, and the Hawaiian islands get older the further they are from the hotspot.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** plate, chain, Hawaiian islands, plates · **What happens:** slide, form, get, be · **To what, where:** hotspot

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Volcanoes: how and where» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (plate, chain, Hawaiian islands, plates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson:9
# text = As the plate slides over a hotspot, a chain of volcanoes forms, and the Hawaiian islands get older the further they are from the hotspot.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	slides	slide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hotspot	hotspot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chain	chain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:conj
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=13:punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	Hawaiian	hawaiian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	islands	island	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	xcomp	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	further	further	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	27	advmod	_	_
23	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
24	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
25	from	from	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	hotspot	hotspot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	advcl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slide** | present | the plate |  |  | a hotspot |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over hotspot=Trajectory |
| 2 | **form** | present | a chain of volcanoes |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **get** | present | the Hawaiian islands |  |  |  |  | old *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | present | plates *= plate* |  |  | the hotspot |  | further *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:046-volcanoes-how-and-where.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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