--- title: Volcanologists cannot give an exact date, but swelling ground, swarm… — Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes · tree and pragmatics description: Volcanologists cannot give an exact date, but swelling ground, swarms of small quakes and changing gases often give enough warning to move people away. Who acts: Volcanologists, ground. A sentence of the lesson «Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes» of the geography course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Famous eruptions and living with volca…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/) / 4 # Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes, sentence 4 Volcanologists cannot give an exact date, but swelling ground, swarms of small quakes and changing gases often give enough warning to move people away. **Who acts:** Volcanologists, ground · **What happens:** not give, swell, change, give, move away · **To what, where:** exact date, gases, enough warning, people This is a sentence of the lesson «Famous eruptions and living with volcanoes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Volcanologists, ground), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:047-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes.lesson:4 # text = Volcanologists cannot give an exact date, but swelling ground, swarms of small quakes and changing gases often give enough warning to move people away. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 047-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Volcanologists volcanologist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 6 exact exact ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 date date NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 9 but but CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 10 swelling swell VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 amod _ _ 11 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 13 swarms swarm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 quakes quake NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 changing change VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 13 conj _ _ 19 gases gas NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 often often ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 22 enough enough ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 warning warning NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 to to PART TO _ 25 mark _ _ 25 move move VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 acl _ _ 26 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 27 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **give** | can | Volcanologists | a exact date | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent date=Theme | | 2 | **swell** | gerund | | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **change** | gerund | ground and swarms of small quakes *not said here* | gases | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Patient | | 4 | **give** | present | ground and swarms of small quakes | enough warning | | | | often *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent warning=Theme | | 5 | **move away** | to-infinitive | ground and swarms of small quakes *not said here* | people | | | | away *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme people=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:047-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Famous eruptions and living with volca…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/3/) - next →: [Famous eruptions and living with volca…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/47-famous-eruptions-and-living-with-volcanoes/)