--- title: How fast the rock cools decides how big its crystals are: slow cooli… — Igneous rocks and the rock cycle · tree and pragmatics description: How fast the rock cools decides how big its crystals are: slow cooling deep down gives big crystals, quick cooling in the air gives tiny ones, and very quick cooling gives glass with none. Who acts: rock cools, crystals, slow cooling, quick cooling. A sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the ro --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Igneous rocks and the rock cycle](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/) / 1 # Igneous rocks and the rock cycle, sentence 1 How fast the rock cools decides how big its crystals are: slow cooling deep down gives big crystals, quick cooling in the air gives tiny ones, and very quick cooling gives glass with none. **Who acts:** rock cools, crystals, slow cooling, quick cooling · **What happens:** decide, be, give · **To what, where:** big crystals, tiny ones, glass · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the rock cycle» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rock cools, crystals, slow cooling, quick cooling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:1 # text = How fast the rock cools decides how big its crystals are: slow cooling deep down gives big crystals, quick cooling in the air gives tiny ones, and very quick cooling gives glass with none. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2 1 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod _ _ 2 fast fast ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound _ _ 5 cools cool NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 decides decide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 8 advmod _ _ 8 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 ccomp _ _ 9 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ _ 10 crystals crystal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 11 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 13 slow slow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 cooling cooling NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 15 deep deep ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 16 down down ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:compound:prt|HaikuPos=ADP:RP:_ 17 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 18 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 crystals crystal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=22:punct 21 quick quick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 amod _ _ 22 cooling cooling NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 conj _ _ 27 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 ones one NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=35:punct 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 31 very very ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 quick quick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 cooling cooling NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 34 gives give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 35 glass glass NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obj _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 35 nmod _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **decide** | present | the rock cools | | | | | fast *property* | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | eruption's crystals | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **give** | present | slow cooling | big crystals | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crystal=Theme | | 4 | **give** | present | quick cooling in the air | tiny ones | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | | 5 | **give** | present | quick cooling | glass | | | | with none | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Igneous rocks and the rock cycle, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/0/) - next →: [Igneous rocks and the rock cycle, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/48-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle/)