---
title: One trip around the rock cycle usually takes millions of years. — Igneous rocks and the rock cycle · tree and pragmatics
description: One trip around the rock cycle usually takes millions of years. Who acts: One trip. A sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the rock cycle» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Igneous rocks and the rock cycle, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One trip around the rock cycle usually takes millions of years.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** One trip · **What happens:** take · **To what, where:** millions

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the rock cycle» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One trip), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:16
# text = One trip around the rock cycle usually takes millions of years.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	trip	trip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	around	around	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | present | One trip around the rock cycle | millions of years |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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