---
title: Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock made from runny lava and… — Igneous rocks and the rock cycle · tree and pragmatics
description: Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock made from runny lava and is the most common rock of the ocean floor. Who acts: Basalt. A sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the rock cycle» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Igneous rocks and the rock cycle, sentence 9

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Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock made from runny lava and is the most common rock of the ocean floor.

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**Who acts:** Basalt · **What happens:** grain, be, make · **To what, where:** dark fine grained igneous rock, runny lava, common rock

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Igneous rocks and the rock cycle» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Basalt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:9
# text = Basalt is a dark, fine-grained igneous rock made from runny lava and is the most common rock of the ocean floor.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Basalt	basalt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
4	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	_
8	grained	grain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
9	igneous	igneous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	runny	runny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	lava	lava	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	19	advmod	_	_
19	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
24	floor	floor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grain** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Basalt | a dark fine grained igneous rock and the common rock |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | a dark fine grained igneous rock and the common rock *not said here* |  | runny lava |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from lava=Material |
| 4 | **is a** | present | Basalt *not said here* | the common rock |  |  |  | of the ocean floor | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:048-igneous-rocks-and-the-rock-cycle.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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