---
title: Antarctica has no permanent residents, only scientists and staff who… — Continents and oceans · tree and pragmatics
description: Antarctica has no permanent residents, only scientists and staff who stay for a season or a year. Who acts: Antarctica, scientists. A sentence of the lesson «Continents and oceans» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Continents and oceans, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Antarctica has no permanent residents, only scientists and staff who stay for a season or a year.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Antarctica, scientists · **What happens:** have, stay · **To what, where:** permanent residents

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Continents and oceans» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antarctica, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:005-continents-and-oceans.lesson:16
# text = Antarctica has no permanent residents, only scientists and staff who stay for a season or a year.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 005-continents-and-oceans.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2
1	Antarctica	Antarctica	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
4	permanent	permanent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	residents	resident	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
10	staff	staff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	stay	stay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=10:acl:relcl
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=15:cc
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Antarctica | no permanent residents and scientists and staff |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent resident=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | present | scientists and staff |  |  |  | season |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:005-continents-and-oceans.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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