---
title: Crystals grow when a liquid cools or a solution evaporates, adding a… — Minerals and crystals · tree and pragmatics
description: Crystals grow when a liquid cools or a solution evaporates, adding atoms layer by layer. Who acts: Crystals, liquid, solution. A sentence of the lesson «Minerals and crystals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Minerals and crystals, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crystals grow when a liquid cools or a solution evaporates, adding atoms layer by layer.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Crystals, liquid, solution · **What happens:** grow, cool, evaporate, add · **To what, where:** atoms layer

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Minerals and crystals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crystals, liquid, solution), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson:15
# text = Crystals grow when a liquid cools or a solution evaporates, adding atoms layer by layer.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Crystals	crystal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	liquid	liquid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cools	cool	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	solution	solution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	evaporates	evaporate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	adding	add	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	atoms	atom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	compound	_	_
14	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Crystals |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cool** | present | a liquid |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **evaporate** | present | a solution |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **add** *speech: assert* | gerund | a solution *not said here* | atoms layer |  |  |  | by layer | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:050-minerals-and-crystals.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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