---
title: Tiny traces of other elements, such as chromium in ruby, give corund… — Gemstones and precious metals · tree and pragmatics
description: Tiny traces of other elements, such as chromium in ruby, give corundum its colour. Who acts: Tiny traces. A sentence of the lesson «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Gemstones and precious metals, sentence 13

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Tiny traces of other elements, such as chromium in ruby, give corundum its colour.

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**Who acts:** Tiny traces · **What happens:** give · **To what, where:** colour, corundum

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tiny traces), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson:13
# text = Tiny traces of other elements, such as chromium in ruby, give corundum its colour.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	traces	trace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	elements	element	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	chromium	chromium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ruby	ruby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	corundum	corundum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	iobj	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Tiny traces of other elements and chromium in ruby | corundum's colour | corundum |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent corundum=Recipient colour=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Gemstones and precious metals, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/14/)
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