--- title: A gemstone is a mineral, or sometimes a material like amber, that is… — Gemstones and precious metals · tree and pragmatics description: A gemstone is a mineral, or sometimes a material like amber, that is beautiful, rare and hard enough to cut and polish. Who acts: gemstone, material. A sentence of the lesson «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Gemstones and precious metals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/) / 9 # Gemstones and precious metals, sentence 9 A gemstone is a mineral, or sometimes a material like amber, that is beautiful, rare and hard enough to cut and polish. **Who acts:** gemstone, material · **What happens:** be, cut, polish · **To what, where:** mineral This is a sentence of the lesson «Gemstones and precious metals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gemstone, material), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson:9 # text = A gemstone is a mineral, or sometimes a material like amber, that is beautiful, rare and hard enough to cut and polish. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 gemstone gemstone NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 mineral mineral NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 7 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 8 sometimes sometimes ADV RB PronType=Ind 10 advmod _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 material material NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:appos 11 like like ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 amber amber NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _ 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 16 beautiful beautiful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 acl:relcl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 rare rare ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 hard hard ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 conj _ _ 21 enough enough ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 to to PART TO _ 23 mark _ _ 23 cut cut VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:xcomp 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 polish polish VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 23 conj _ _ 26 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a gemstone | a mineral or a material like amber | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | a material like amber | | | | | beautiful *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **be** | | a material like amber *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **be** | | a material like amber *not said here* | | | | | enough *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **cut** | to-infinitive | a material like amber *not said here* | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **polish** | infinitive | a material like amber *not said here* | | | | | | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:051-gemstones-and-precious-metals.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Gemstones and precious metals, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/8/) - next →: [Gemstones and precious metals, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/51-gemstones-and-precious-metals/)