--- title: Breaking rock where it stands is called weathering; carrying the bit… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics description: Breaking rock where it stands is called weathering; carrying the bits away is called erosion. Who acts: it, Breaking, carrying. A sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Weathering and erosion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/) / 1 # Weathering and erosion, sentence 1 Breaking rock where it stands is called weathering; carrying the bits away is called erosion. **Who acts:** it, Breaking, carrying · **What happens:** break, stand, call, carry away · **To what, where:** rock, weathering, bits, erosion · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, Breaking, carrying), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:1 # text = Breaking rock where it stands is called weathering; carrying the bits away is called erosion. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Breaking break VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 csubj:pass _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:nsubj:pass 2 rock rock NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 3 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 5 advmod _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 stands stand VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:acl:relcl 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 weathering weathering NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 10 carrying carry VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 csubj:pass _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=15:nsubj:pass 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 bits bit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 obj _ _ 13 away away ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 conj _ _ 16 erosion erosion NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 xcomp _ _ 17 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **break** | gerund | | rock | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer rock=Patient | | 2 | **stand** | present | it | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive | Breaking | weathering | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» | | 4 | **carry away** | gerund | | the bits | | | | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Theme | | 5 | **call** *speech: assert* | present · passive | carrying | erosion | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Weathering and erosion, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/0/) - next →: [Weathering and erosion, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/)