---
title: Plant roots grow into cracks and split rocks, and lichens slowly eat… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics
description: Plant roots grow into cracks and split rocks, and lichens slowly eat into their surface. Who acts: Plant roots, lichens. A sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Weathering and erosion, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plant roots grow into cracks and split rocks, and lichens slowly eat into their surface.

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**Who acts:** Plant roots, lichens · **What happens:** grow, split, eat · **To what, where:** cracks, surface

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plant roots, lichens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:10
# text = Plant roots grow into cracks and split rocks, and lichens slowly eat into their surface.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	roots	root	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cracks	crack	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	split	split	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	lichens	lichen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
12	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Plant roots |  |  |  |  | into cracks and split rocks *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into crack=Result |
| 2 | **split** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **eat** | present | lichens |  |  | Rocks's surface |  | slowly *property* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Weathering and erosion, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/9/)
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