---
title: Erosion is the carrying away of weathered bits of rock by water, win… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics
description: Erosion is the carrying away of weathered bits of rock by water, wind, ice or gravity. Who acts: Erosion. A sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Weathering and erosion, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Erosion is the carrying away of weathered bits of rock by water, wind, ice or gravity.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Erosion · **What happens:** be, weather · **To what, where:** carrying

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Erosion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:11
# text = Erosion is the carrying away of weathered bits of rock by water, wind, ice or gravity.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	carrying	carrying	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=0:root|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	weathered	weather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	bits	bit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=14:conj
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	gravity	gravity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Erosion | the carrying |  |  |  | of weathered bits of rock; by water and wind and ice or gravity; away *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **weather** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Weathering and erosion, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/10/)
- next →: [Weathering and erosion, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/13/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/)