---
title: Even great mountains are slowly worn down, and old mountains like th… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics
description: Even great mountains are slowly worn down, and old mountains like those of Scotland were once as high as the Alps. Who acts: old mountains. A sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Weathering and erosion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/) / 16

# Weathering and erosion, sentence 16

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Even great mountains are slowly worn down, and old mountains like those of Scotland were once as high as the Alps.

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**Who acts:** old mountains · **What happens:** wear down, be · **To what, where:** great mountains

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:16
# text = Even great mountains are slowly worn down, and old mountains like those of Scotland were once as high as the Alps.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Even	even	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:advmod
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	11	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	19	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Alps	Alps	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:obl|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear down** | present · passive |  | great mountains |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source |
| 2 | **is** | past | old mountains like those |  |  |  |  | as the Alps; high, once *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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