---
title: Given millions of years, this wins against anything: the old mountai… — Weathering and erosion · tree and pragmatics
description: Given millions of years, this wins against anything: the old mountains of Scotland were once as high as the Alps. Who acts: this, old mountains. A sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla
---

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[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Weathering and erosion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/) / 6

# Weathering and erosion, sentence 6

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Given millions of years, this wins against anything: the old mountains of Scotland were once as high as the Alps.

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**Who acts:** this, old mountains · **What happens:** give, win, be · **To what, where:** Given millions

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Weathering and erosion» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, old mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:6
# text = Given millions of years, this wins against anything: the old mountains of Scotland were once as high as the Alps.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wins	win	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
17	once	once	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Alps	Alps	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:obl|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=19:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **win** | present | this | Given millions of years |  |  |  | against anything | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | the old mountains of Scotland |  |  |  |  | as the Alps; high, once *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:052-weathering-and-erosion.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Weathering and erosion, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/52-weathering-and-erosion/5/)
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