---
title: Glaciers carve wide valleys with flat floors and steep sides, called… — Glaciers and ice ages · tree and pragmatics
description: Glaciers carve wide valleys with flat floors and steep sides, called U-shaped valleys. Who acts: Glaciers, wide valleys. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 10

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Glaciers carve wide valleys with flat floors and steep sides, called U-shaped valleys.

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**Who acts:** Glaciers, wide valleys · **What happens:** carve, call, shape · **To what, where:** wide valleys, U shaped valleys · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Glaciers, wide valleys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:10
# text = Glaciers carve wide valleys with flat floors and steep sides, called U-shaped valleys.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Glaciers	glacier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carve	carve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	floors	floor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	sides	side	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
13	U	U	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	_
15	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
16	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | present | Glaciers | wide valleys |  |  |  | with flat floors and steep sides | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent valley=Patient with floor=Instrument |
| 2 | **call** | participle | wide valleys *not said here* | U shaped valleys |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent valley=Recipient |
| 3 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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