---
title: In the ice age, sea level was about 120 metres lower, so Britain was… — Glaciers and ice ages · tree and pragmatics
description: In the ice age, sea level was about 120 metres lower, so Britain was joined to Europe by a land called Doggerland. Who acts: sea level, land. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 14

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In the ice age, sea level was about 120 metres lower, so Britain was joined to Europe by a land called Doggerland.

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**Who acts:** sea level, land · **What happens:** be, join, call · **To what, where:** ice age, Britain, Europe, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea level, land), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:14
# text = In the ice age, sea level was about 120 metres lower, so Britain was joined to Europe by a land called Doggerland.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	120	120	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
12	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:mark|HaikuPos=SCONJ:IN:_
15	Britain	Britain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:conj
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	_
24	Doggerland	Doggerland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	xcomp	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | sea level |  |  |  | in the ice age | 120 metres *obl:unmarked*; low *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **join** | past · passive | a land | Britain | Europe |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient to europe=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **call** | participle |  | a land *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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