---
title: Glaciers dropped huge boulders, called erratics, far from the rocks… — Glaciers and ice ages · tree and pragmatics
description: Glaciers dropped huge boulders, called erratics, far from the rocks they came from. Who acts: Glaciers, huge boulders, rocks. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Glaciers dropped huge boulders, called erratics, far from the rocks they came from.

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**Who acts:** Glaciers, huge boulders, rocks · **What happens:** drop, call, come · **To what, where:** huge boulders, rocks, erratics · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Glaciers, huge boulders, rocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:15
# text = Glaciers dropped huge boulders, called erratics, far from the rocks they came from.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Glaciers	glacier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	boulders	boulder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
7	erratics	erratic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	xcomp	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | past | Glaciers | huge boulders |  | the rocks |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent boulder=Theme from rock=Destination |
| 2 | **call** | participle | huge boulders *not said here* | erratics |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** | past | rocks *= rock* | the rocks *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rock=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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