---
title: The Little Ice Age was much milder than a real ice age, and scientis… — Glaciers and ice ages · tree and pragmatics
description: The Little Ice Age was much milder than a real ice age, and scientists still discuss its exact dates and causes. Who acts: Little Ice Age, scientists. A sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# Glaciers and ice ages, sentence 17

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The Little Ice Age was much milder than a real ice age, and scientists still discuss its exact dates and causes.

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**Who acts:** Little Ice Age, scientists · **What happens:** be, discuss · **To what, where:** exact dates

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little Ice Age, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:17
# text = The Little Ice Age was much milder than a real ice age, and scientists still discuss its exact dates and causes.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	Ice	Ice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
4	Age	age	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	much	much	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	milder	mild	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
16	still	still	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	discuss	discuss	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=7:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	exact	exact	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	dates	date	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	causes	cause	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the Little Ice Age |  |  |  | than a real ice age | mild *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **discuss** *speech: other* | present | scientists | age's exact dates and causes |  |  | still |  | vn chit\_chat-37.6-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent date=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:054-glaciers-and-ice-ages.lesson:17`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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