---
title: Most big caves form in limestone, which slightly acidic rain slowly… — Coasts and caves · tree and pragmatics
description: Most big caves form in limestone, which slightly acidic rain slowly dissolves. Who acts: Most big caves, acidic rain. A sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Coasts and caves, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Most big caves form in limestone, which slightly acidic rain slowly dissolves.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Most big caves, acidic rain · **What happens:** form, dissolve · **To what, where:** limestone

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most big caves, acidic rain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:13
# text = Most big caves form in limestone, which slightly acidic rain slowly dissolves.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 055-coasts-and-caves.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	3	amod	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	caves	cave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	form	form	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	limestone	limestone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obj	_	_
9	slightly	slightly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	acidic	acidic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	dissolves	dissolve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | Most big caves |  |  | limestone |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in limestone=Location |
| 2 | **dissolve** | present | acidic rain | limestone |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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