---
title: Rising seas caused by global warming make coastal erosion and floodi… — Coasts and caves · tree and pragmatics
description: Rising seas caused by global warming make coastal erosion and flooding worse. Who acts: Rising seas. A sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Coasts and caves, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rising seas caused by global warming make coastal erosion and flooding worse.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rising seas · **What happens:** rise, cause, make · **To what, where:** Rising seas, coastal erosion

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Coasts and caves» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rising seas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:15
# text = Rising seas caused by global warming make coastal erosion and flooding worse.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 055-coasts-and-caves.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	amod	_	_
2	seas	seas	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	global	global	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	warming	warming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	coastal	coastal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	erosion	erosion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	flooding	flooding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	xcomp	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **cause** | participle |  | Rising seas *not said here* |  |  |  | by global warming | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition |
| 3 | **make** | present | Rising seas | coastal erosion and flooding |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset erosion=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:055-coasts-and-caves.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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