---
title: The black soils of Ukraine and southern Russia, called chernozem, ar… — Soil · tree and pragmatics
description: The black soils of Ukraine and southern Russia, called chernozem, are among the most fertile in the world, which is why Ukraine is called the breadbasket of Europe. Who acts: black soils. A sentence of the lesson «Soil» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and th
---

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# Soil, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The black soils of Ukraine and southern Russia, called chernozem, are among the most fertile in the world, which is why Ukraine is called the breadbasket of Europe.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** black soils · **What happens:** call, be, soil · **To what, where:** chernozem, Ukraine · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Soil» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black soils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:056-soil.lesson:13
# text = The black soils of Ukraine and southern Russia, called chernozem, are among the most fertile in the world, which is why Ukraine is called the breadbasket of Europe.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 056-soil.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	soils	soil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	southern	southern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
11	chernozem	chernozem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	among	among	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	17	advmod	_	_
17	fertile	fertile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	parataxis	_	_
25	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	ccomp	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	breadbasket	breadbasket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	xcomp	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | chernozem *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the black soils of Ukraine and southern Russia |  |  |  |  | among the world; fertile *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **call** | present · passive |  | Ukraine |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 5 | **soil** |  |  | Ukraine and southern Russia |  |  |  |  | nom soil «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:056-soil.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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