---
title: Soil grows painfully slowly: a few centimetres can take hundreds to… — Soil · tree and pragmatics
description: Soil grows painfully slowly: a few centimetres can take hundreds to a thousand years. Who acts: Soil, few centimetres. A sentence of the lesson «Soil» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soil, sentence 5

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Soil grows painfully slowly: a few centimetres can take hundreds to a thousand years.

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**Who acts:** Soil, few centimetres · **What happens:** grow, take · **To what, where:** hundreds

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soil» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Soil, few centimetres), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:056-soil.lesson:5
# text = Soil grows painfully slowly: a few centimetres can take hundreds to a thousand years.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 056-soil.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	painfully	painfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	centimetres	centimetre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
11	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:det
14	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | Soil |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | can | a few centimetres | hundreds |  |  | year |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:056-soil.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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