---
title: It can be a bone or shell turned to stone, a print of a leaf, or eve… — Fossils · tree and pragmatics
description: It can be a bone or shell turned to stone, a print of a leaf, or even a footprint. Who acts: fossil. A sentence of the lesson «Fossils» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fossils, sentence 1

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It can be a bone or shell turned to stone, a print of a leaf, or even a footprint.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** fossil · **What happens:** be, turn, print · **To what, where:** bone, stone, leaf

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Fossils» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fossil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:057-fossils.lesson:1
# text = It can be a bone or shell turned to stone, a print of a leaf, or even a footprint.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 057-fossils.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	print	print	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
18	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
19	even	even	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	footprint	footprint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | fossil | a bone or shell and a print of a leaf or a footprint |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | participle |  | a bone or shell and a print of a leaf or a footprint *not said here* |  | stone |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to stone=Trajectory |
| 3 | **print** |  |  | a leaf |  |  |  |  | nom print «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:057-fossils.lesson:1`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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