--- title: Mammals had lived as small animals beside the dinosaurs; after the d… — Deep time and the story of life · tree and pragmatics description: Mammals had lived as small animals beside the dinosaurs; after the dinosaurs, mammals spread into the empty places in nature and grew into many forms, from whales to elephants. Who acts: Mammals. A sentence of the lesson «Deep time and the story of life» of the geography course of Mova's primary sch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Deep time and the story of life](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/) / 18 # Deep time and the story of life, sentence 18 Mammals had lived as small animals beside the dinosaurs; after the dinosaurs, mammals spread into the empty places in nature and grew into many forms, from whales to elephants. **Who acts:** Mammals · **What happens:** live, spread, grow · **To what, where:** empty places, many forms This is a sentence of the lesson «Deep time and the story of life» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mammals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:058-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life.lesson:18 # text = Mammals had lived as small animals beside the dinosaurs; after the dinosaurs, mammals spread into the empty places in nature and grew into many forms, from whales to elephants. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 058-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 lived live VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 as as ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 beside beside ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nmod _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=3:punct 11 after after ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ _ 16 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 17 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 empty empty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 places place NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 nature nature NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 grew grow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 25 into into ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 forms form NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 from from ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 whales whale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 conj _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 elephants elephant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past · perfect | Mammals | | | | | as small animals beside the dinosaurs | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **spread** | past | mammals | | | the empty places in nature | after the dinosaurs | | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into place=Destination | | 3 | **grow** | past | mammals *not said here* | | | | | into many forms and whales to elephants *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into form=Result | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:058-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Deep time and the story of life, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/17/) - next →: [Deep time and the story of life, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/)