--- title: Coal, oil and natural gas are called fossil fuels because they are m… — Coal, oil and gas · tree and pragmatics description: Coal, oil and natural gas are called fossil fuels because they are made from living things that died millions of years ago. Who acts: living things. A sentence of the lesson «Coal, oil and gas» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/59-coal-oil-and-gas/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Coal, oil and gas](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/59-coal-oil-and-gas/) / 0 # Coal, oil and gas, sentence 0 Coal, oil and natural gas are called fossil fuels because they are made from living things that died millions of years ago. **Who acts:** living things · **What happens:** call, make, die · **To what, where:** Coal, living things, millions · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Coal, oil and gas» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (living things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson:0 # text = Coal, oil and natural gas are called fossil fuels because they are made from living things that died millions of years ago. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Coal coal NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=3:compound 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct 3 oil oil NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:nsubj:pass 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 gas gas NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 7 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 fossil fossil NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 fuels fuel NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:obj 11 because because SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 12 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 advcl _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 living live ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 millions million NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 obj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=19:obl:unmarked 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 23 ago ago ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **call** | present · passive | | Coal and oil and natural gas | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 2 | **make** | present · passive | | Coal | | living things | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from thing=Material | | 3 | **die** | past | living things | millions of years | | | | ago *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Deep time and the story of life, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/19/) - next →: [Coal, oil and gas, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/59-coal-oil-and-gas/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/59-coal-oil-and-gas/)