---
title: Coal is squashed swamp forest, mostly from the Carboniferous period,… — Coal, oil and gas · tree and pragmatics
description: Coal is squashed swamp forest, mostly from the Carboniferous period, about 360-300 million years ago. Who acts: Coal. A sentence of the lesson «Coal, oil and gas» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Coal, oil and gas, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coal is squashed swamp forest, mostly from the Carboniferous period, about 360-300 million years ago.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Coal · **What happens:** squash, be · **To what, where:** squashed swamp forest

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Coal, oil and gas» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Coal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson:2
# text = Coal is squashed swamp forest, mostly from the Carboniferous period, about 360-300 million years ago.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	squashed	squash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos
4	swamp	swamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	forest	forest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	mostly	mostly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Carboniferous	Carboniferous	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	about	about	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	360-300	360-300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	compound	_	_
15	million	million	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:unmarked	_	_
17	ago	ago	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **squash** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Coal | squashed swamp forest |  |  |  | ago, mostly *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:059-coal-oil-and-gas.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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