--- title: The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake by area, at about 370,00… — Islands, seas and lakes · tree and pragmatics description: The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake by area, at about 370,000 square kilometres, and its water is salty, though only about a third as salty as the ocean; rivers such as the Volga flow in, but none flows out, so water leaves only by evaporating and the salt stays behind. Who acts: Caspian Sea --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Islands, seas and lakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/) / 10 # Islands, seas and lakes, sentence 10 The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake by area, at about 370,000 square kilometres, and its water is salty, though only about a third as salty as the ocean; rivers such as the Volga flow in, but none flows out, so water leaves only by evaporating and the salt stays behind. **Who acts:** Caspian Sea, water, rivers, none, salt · **What happens:** be, flow, flow out, leave, evaporate, stay · **To what, where:** largest lake, 370,000 square kilometres This is a sentence of the lesson «Islands, seas and lakes» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caspian Sea, water, rivers, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:006-islands-seas-and-lakes.lesson:10 # text = The Caspian Sea is the world's largest lake by area, at about 370,000 square kilometres, and its water is salty, though only about a third as salty as the ocean; rivers such as the Volga flow in, but none flows out, so water leaves only by evaporating and the salt stays behind. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 006-islands-seas-and-lakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 Caspian Caspian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 Sea Sea PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod:poss _ _ 7 's 's PART POS _ 6 case _ _ 8 largest large ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 9 amod _ _ 9 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 area area NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 at at ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 14 about about ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 370,000 370,000 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 16 square square ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=17:compound|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 17 kilometres kilometre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 20 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 23 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:parataxis 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 though though ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 26 only only ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 27 about about ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=29:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 third third NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 23 conj _ _ 30 as as ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 salty salty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 32 as as ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 ocean ocean NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 rivers river NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nsubj _ _ 37 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP 40 case _ _ 38 as as ADP IN _ 37 fixed _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=41:det 40 Volga Volga PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 nmod _ _ 41 flow flow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 42 in in ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 44 but but CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 45 none none PRON NN PronType=Neg 46 nsubj _ _ 46 flows flow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 conj _ _ 47 out out ADP RP _ 46 compound:prt _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 49 so so ADV RB _ 51 advmod _ _ 50 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 nsubj _ _ 51 leaves leave VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 52 only only ADV RB _ 54 advmod _ _ 53 by by SCONJ IN _ 54 mark _ _ 54 evaporating evaporate VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 51 advcl _ _ 55 and and CCONJ CC _ 58 cc _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 salt salt NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 nsubj _ _ 58 stays stay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=54:conj 59 behind behind ADV RB _ 58 advmod _ _ 60 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | the Caspian Sea | the world's largest lake | | 370,000 square kilometres | | by area | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | sea's water | | | | | salty *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **flow** | present | rivers such the Volga | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **flow out** | present | none | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **leave** | present | water | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **evaporate** | gerund | water *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **stay** | present | the salt | | | | | behind *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:006-islands-seas-and-lakes.lesson:10`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Islands, seas and lakes, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/9/) - next →: [Islands, seas and lakes, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/11/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/6-islands-seas-and-lakes/)