---
title: Some cobalt in batteries comes from small mines in the Democratic Re… — Metals, mining and what they cost · tree and pragmatics
description: Some cobalt in batteries comes from small mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where children have been found working. Who acts: cobalt, children. A sentence of the lesson «Metals, mining and what they cost» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Metals, mining and what they cost, sentence 15

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some cobalt in batteries comes from small mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where children have been found working.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cobalt, children · **What happens:** come, find, work · **To what, where:** small mines, children

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Metals, mining and what they cost» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cobalt, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson:15
# text = Some cobalt in batteries comes from small mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where children have been found working.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	cobalt	cobalt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	batteries	battery	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	mines	mine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Democratic	Democratic	PROPN	NNP	_	12	compound	_	_
12	Republic	Republic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Congo	Congo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	21	advmod	_	_
18	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	acl:relcl	_	_
22	working	work	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	xcomp	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | some cobalt in batteries |  |  | small mines in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from mine=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **find** | present · perfect · passive |  | children |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute clause=Theme |
| 3 | **work** | gerund | children *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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