---
title: Smelting heats ore with fuel such as charcoal or coke (a fuel made f… — Metals, mining and what they cost · tree and pragmatics
description: Smelting heats ore with fuel such as charcoal or coke (a fuel made from coal) to free the metal. Who acts: Smelting. A sentence of the lesson «Metals, mining and what they cost» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Metals, mining and what they cost, sentence 9

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Smelting heats ore with fuel such as charcoal or coke (a fuel made from coal) to free the metal.

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**Who acts:** Smelting · **What happens:** heat, make, free · **To what, where:** ore, fuel, coal, metal

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Metals, mining and what they cost» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smelting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:geography:060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson:9
# text = Smelting heats ore with fuel such as charcoal or coke (a fuel made from coal) to free the metal.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = geography
# lesson = 060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Smelting	smelting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	heats	heat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ore	ore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	8	case	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	charcoal	charcoal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:obl
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	coke	coke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
14	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	coal	coal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	13	punct	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	free	free	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heat** | present | Smelting | ore |  |  |  | with fuel such charcoal or coke | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent ore=Patient with fuel=Instrument |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a fuel *not said here* |  | coal |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from coal=Material |
| 3 | **free** | to-infinitive | Smelting *not said here* | the metal |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer metal=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:060-metals-mining-and-what-they-cost.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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