--- title: Poland's capital is Warsaw, which took over from Kraków around 1596,… — Europe: countries and capitals · tree and pragmatics description: Poland's capital is Warsaw, which took over from Kraków around 1596, partly because it lay nearer the middle of Poland and Lithuania joined together. Who acts: capital, Warsaw, seat. A sentence of the lesson «Europe: countries and capitals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [Europe: countries and capitals](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/) / 11 # Europe: countries and capitals, sentence 11 Poland's capital is Warsaw, which took over from Kraków around 1596, partly because it lay nearer the middle of Poland and Lithuania joined together. **Who acts:** capital, Warsaw, seat · **What happens:** be, take over, lie, join · **To what, where:** Warsaw, Kraków, middle This is a sentence of the lesson «Europe: countries and capitals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (capital, Warsaw, seat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:007-europe-countries-and-capitals.lesson:11 # text = Poland's capital is Warsaw, which took over from Kraków around 1596, partly because it lay nearer the middle of Poland and Lithuania joined together. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 007-europe-countries-and-capitals.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Poland Poland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ _ 2 's 's PART POS _ 1 case _ _ 3 capital capital NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 Warsaw Warsaw PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:parataxis 9 over over ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 10 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 Kraków Kraków PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 around around ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 1596 1596 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 partly partly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 16 because because SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:conj 19 nearer near ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 18 xcomp _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 middle middle NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:nsubj 22 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 Poland Poland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 Lithuania Lithuania PROPN NNP Number=Sing 23 conj _ _ 26 joined join VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 27 together together ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Poland's capital | Warsaw | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **take over** | past | Warsaw | | | Kraków | | around 1596 | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from kraków=Source | | 3 | **lie** | past | seat | the middle of Poland and Lithuania | | | | near, partly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **join** | past | seat *not said here* | | | | | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:007-europe-countries-and-capitals.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Europe: countries and capitals, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/10/) - next →: [Europe: countries and capitals, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/)