--- title: The United States began as 13 British colonies along the Atlantic co… — The United States · tree and pragmatics description: The United States began as 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast, which declared independence on 4 July 1776 and were recognised as independent in 1783. Who acts: United States, 13 British colonies. A sentence of the lesson «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Geography](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/) / [The United States](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/) / 7 # The United States, sentence 7 The United States began as 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast, which declared independence on 4 July 1776 and were recognised as independent in 1783. **Who acts:** United States, 13 British colonies · **What happens:** begin, declare, recognise · **To what, where:** independence, 1783 This is a sentence of the lesson «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (United States, 13 British colonies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:geography:009-the-united-states.lesson:7 # text = The United States began as 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast, which declared independence on 4 July 1776 and were recognised as independent in 1783. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = geography # lesson = 009-the-united-states.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 United United PROPN NNP _ 3 flat _ _ 3 States State PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 began begin VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 as as ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 13 13 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 7 British British ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 colonies colony NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 9 along along ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 Atlantic Atlantic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 12 coast coast NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 15 nsubj _ _ 15 declared declare VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 acl:relcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=12:acl:relcl 16 independence independence NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 4 4 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 July July PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 1776 1776 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nmod:unmarked _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux:pass _ _ 23 recognised recognise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ _ 24 as as ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 independent independent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 obl _ _ 26 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 1783 1783 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 obl _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **begin** | past | the United States | | | | | as 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | past | 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast | independence | | | july | | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent independence=Attribute | | 3 | **recognise** | past · passive | 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast *not said here* | | | 1783 | | as independent | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: as independent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:geography:009-the-united-states.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The United States, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/6/) - next →: [The United States, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/geography/9-the-united-states/)