--- title: Ötzi the Iceman lived about 5,300 years ago; his body was kept by th… — The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave pa… · tree and pragmatics description: Ötzi the Iceman lived about 5,300 years ago; his body was kept by the ice of the Alps and found by hikers in 1991, with his copper axe, bow and grass-stuffed shoes. Who acts: Ötzi, ice. A sentence of the lesson «The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters» of the history course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/1-the-first-people/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [The first people: hunters, gatherers a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/1-the-first-people/) / 18 # The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters, sentence 18 Ötzi the Iceman lived about 5,300 years ago; his body was kept by the ice of the Alps and found by hikers in 1991, with his copper axe, bow and grass-stuffed shoes. **Who acts:** Ötzi, ice · **What happens:** live, keep, find, stuff · **To what, where:** body, 1991 This is a sentence of the lesson «The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ötzi, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:001-the-first-people.lesson:18 # text = Ötzi the Iceman lived about 5,300 years ago; his body was kept by the ice of the Alps and found by hikers in 1991, with his copper axe, bow and grass-stuffed shoes. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 001-the-first-people.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Ötzi Ötzi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 Iceman Iceman PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 4 lived live VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 about about ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 5,300 5,300 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:obl:unmarked 8 ago ago ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:advmod 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 4 punct _ _ 10 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj:pass _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux:pass _ _ 13 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advcl 14 by by ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 ice ice NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Alps alp PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=16:nmod|HaikuPos=NOUN:NNS:Number=Plur 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=13:cc 21 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 conj _ _ 22 by by ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 hikers hiker NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 24 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 1991 1991 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 29 copper copper NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 axe axe NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 bow bow NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=30:appos 33 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=32:cc 34 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 compound _ _ 35 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ _ 36 stuffed stuff VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 37 amod _ _ 37 shoes shoe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 conj _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **live** | past | Ötzi | | | | | ago *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **keep** | past · passive | the ice of the Alps | Ötzi's body | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 3 | **find** | participle | the ice of the Alps *not said here* | | | 1991 | | by hikers; with Ötzi's copper axe and bow and stuffed shoes | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **stuff** | participle | | | | | | | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:001-the-first-people.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The first people: hunters, gatherers a…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/1-the-first-people/17/) - next →: [The first farms and towns, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/1-the-first-people/)