--- title: The Chinese discovered that a magnetised needle points north and lat… — Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Co… · tree and pragmatics description: The Chinese discovered that a magnetised needle points north and later used compasses for sailing. Who acts: Chinese, magnetised needle. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/) / 13 # Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius, sentence 13 The Chinese discovered that a magnetised needle points north and later used compasses for sailing. **Who acts:** Chinese, magnetised needle · **What happens:** discover, magnetise, point, use · **To what, where:** compasses This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinese, magnetised needle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson:13 # text = The Chinese discovered that a magnetised needle points north and later used compasses for sailing. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×3 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Chinese Chinese ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 nsubj _ _ 3 discovered discover VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:det 6 magnetised magnetise VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=8:amod 7 needle needle NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 points point VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 9 north north ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=8:cc 11 later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod _ _ 12 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 13 compasses compass NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 14 for for ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 sailing sailing NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:nmod 16 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **discover** | past | the Chinese | | | | | | vn discover-84-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **magnetise** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **point** | present | a magnetised needle | | | | | north *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **use** | past | a magnetised needle *not said here* | compasses | | | | for sailing; late *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent compass=Theme for sailing=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson:13`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/12/) - next →: [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/)