--- title: Cai Lun, an official of the Han court, improved papermaking about 1,… — Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Co… · tree and pragmatics description: Cai Lun, an official of the Han court, improved papermaking about 1,900 years ago, using tree bark, old rags and fishing nets. Who acts: Cai. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius» of the history course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/) / 6 # Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius, sentence 6 Cai Lun, an official of the Han court, improved papermaking about 1,900 years ago, using tree bark, old rags and fishing nets. **Who acts:** Cai · **What happens:** improve, use · **To what, where:** papermaking, tree bark This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk Road and Confucius» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson:6 # text = Cai Lun, an official of the Han court, improved papermaking about 1,900 years ago, using tree bark, old rags and fishing nets. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Cai Cai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 2 Lun Lun PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat _ _ 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 official official NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 appos _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 Han Han PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 court court NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 improved improve VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 papermaking papermaking NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 13 about about ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 14 1,900 1,900 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:obl 16 ago ago ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:advmod 17 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 18 using use VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 advcl _ _ 19 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 compound _ _ 20 bark bark NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 amod _ _ 23 rags rag NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=20:appos 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 25 fishing fishing NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 compound _ _ 26 nets net NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **improve** | past | Cai | papermaking | | | | ago *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent papermaking=Patient | | 2 | **use** | gerund | Cai *not said here* | tree bark and old rags and fishing nets | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:010-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius.lesson:6`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/5/) - next →: [Ancient China: paper, silk, the Silk R…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/7/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/10-ancient-china-paper-silk-the-silk-road-and-confucius/)