--- title: In 480 BC King Leonidas with 300 Spartans and several thousand other… — Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta · tree and pragmatics description: In 480 BC King Leonidas with 300 Spartans and several thousand other Greeks held the narrow pass of Thermopylae against a huge Persian army for three days; in so narrow a place only a few enemies could fight at once. Who acts: King Leonidas, few enemies. A sentence of the lesson «Ancient Greece: cit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/11-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [History](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/) / [Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens an…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/11-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta/) / 15 # Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta, sentence 15 In 480 BC King Leonidas with 300 Spartans and several thousand other Greeks held the narrow pass of Thermopylae against a huge Persian army for three days; in so narrow a place only a few enemies could fight at once. **Who acts:** King Leonidas, few enemies · **What happens:** hold, fight, pass · **To what, where:** narrow pass, 480, narrow place, Thermopylae This is a sentence of the lesson «Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King Leonidas, few enemies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:history:011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson:15 # text = In 480 BC King Leonidas with 300 Spartans and several thousand other Greeks held the narrow pass of Thermopylae against a huge Persian army for three days; in so narrow a place only a few enemies could fight at once. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = history # lesson = 011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 480 480 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 obl _ _ 3 BC BC PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 compound _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:nmod:desc 5 Leonidas Leonidas PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ _ 6 with with ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 300 300 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 nummod _ _ 8 Spartans spartan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nmod _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 10 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 11 thousand thousand NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 12 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 Greeks greek NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 14 held hold VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 narrow narrow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 pass pass NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 Thermopylae Thermopylae PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 20 against against ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 22 huge huge ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 23 Persian Persian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=24:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing 24 army army NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 25 for for ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nummod _ _ 27 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obl _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 29 in in ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 30 so so ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=31:advcl 31 narrow narrow ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 32 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 34 only only ADV RB _ 39 advmod _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 few few ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 enemies enemy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 38 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 fight fight VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 parataxis _ _ 40 at at ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 once once ADV RB _ 39 obl _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hold** | past | King Leonidas with 300 Spartans and several thousand other Greeks | the narrow pass of Thermopylae | | 480 | day | against a huge Persian army | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pass=Theme in 480=Location | | 2 | **fight** | could | a few enemies | | | a narrow place | | | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **pass** | | | Thermopylae | | | | | nom pass «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:history:011-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens an…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/11-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta/14/) - next →: [Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens an…, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/11-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/history/11-ancient-greece-city-states-athens-and-sparta/)